Do I Need to Get Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Again
This week we heard two Australians take died from the mosquito-borne Japanese encephalitis virus. The virus has now been detected in four states.
Authorities are concerned we'll see more cases around the country and take earmarked actress funding to gyre out vaccines to those at hazard.
Who is recommended to take the vaccine depends on factors including their age, occupation and location. Here's what you need to know about accessing the vaccine in Commonwealth of australia, ahead of further announcements expected in coming days.
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What is Japanese encephalitis?
Japanese encephalitis is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus. Information technology spreads through musquito bites. It cannot exist transmitted from human to man.
Well-nigh people will show no symptoms. However, one% will develop swelling of the brain (encephalitis). Of those who have symptoms, up to 30% will die and a farther 50% will have life-long neurological disability. The infection is peculiarly severe in the elderly or the young.
The virus had previously been found in Southeast Asia, Western Pacific regions, and in the Torres Strait.
However, because of its spread into new regions further south, last week Japanese encephalitis was designated a communicable disease of national significance.
Tell me more about the vaccines
Currently, vii Japanese encephalitis virus vaccines are licensed for use in humans globally. Two of these – Imojev and JEspect – are approved for use in Australia by the Therapeutic Appurtenances Assistants.
Imojev is approved for those from nine months of age and is given every bit a single dose. JEspect is approved for use from 2 months of age and is given every bit two doses, 28 days autonomously. JEspect can be given to meaning women, if necessary.
The level of immunity from these vaccines varies. A unmarried dose of Imojev can provide amnesty for upwards to five years. Whereas JEspect requires two doses to provide immunity for two years, with some studies suggesting a third booster after 12 months provides longer protection.
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These vaccinations come with some side effects. These include redness, pain and balmy swelling at the vaccination site. Other side effects include headache, fatigue and muscle pains.
These vaccines vary in the way they are prepared. Also, unlike strains of the virus are used to make the different vaccines. This can ultimately affect how well they piece of work to prevent disease if there is a change in the electric current circulating virus strain.
Who tin go the vaccine?
Vaccination is currently recommended for high-risk groups, which currently includes:
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laboratory workers who work with the virus
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travellers who will spend one month or more in an owned region
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people living or working in the outer islands of the Torres Strait.
Before the current spread of Japanese encephalitis yous could get the vaccine at GP clinics specialising in travel medicine. It costs A$300-350, which includes a GP visit and the vaccine itself.
Only with the spread of the virus in mainland Australia, the definition of high risk will likely change and the vaccine may exist bachelor to those high-chance groups via their GP or at work. At this phase we don't know if the vaccines would exist free, but that will be confirmed in coming days.
For example, piggery workers are among workers expected to be considered loftier risk and be offered the vaccine.
That's considering Japanese encephalitis virus infects pigs (it has been detected in piggeries in NSW, Queensland, Victoria and S Australia). The virus then enters the mosquito population when they bite pigs, which then later seize with teeth humans and spread it to the states.
A national group of communicable illness, vaccine and virus experts is considering whether a wide vaccine rollout is needed and if so, how this might work.
National cabinet is also expected to discuss the outcome and make further announcements shortly.
How can I protect myself, even without the vaccine?
There are currently no specific treatments for people with Japanese encephalitis. Symptoms are managed with supportive care, including fluids and hurting relief.
Vaccination is one form of protection. However, the most useful protection comes from non being bitten past a musquito in the first identify.
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Source: https://theconversation.com/do-i-or-my-child-need-a-japanese-encephalitis-vaccine-178888
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